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1. (Describe a villanelle.  How many different end rhymes? How many times is each sound repeated? Which words are repeated exactly at the ends of lines, in what pattern? How does the last stanza use the rhyming words? Why is this appropriate at the end of the poem?)

The poem is written in five tercets with a quatrain at the end.  The rhyme scheme is aba for all the tercets and abaa for the quatrain. The a rhyme is used with 13 of those being end rhyme. The b rhyme is repeated 6 times, all of those being end rhyme. The word “hello” ends every other tercet while the word “know” ends the other tercets.  The 2nd to last line of the quatrain is “hello” while the last line is “know”. This is appropriate because both of the repeated words causes a final fealing to the poem, an idea of wrapping up.  The first tercet is establishing the poem, it is a ’hello’ and a ‘goodbye’.  The second tercet is a hello while the third is a goodbye.  The forth is a hello again while the fifth is goodbye and the last does what the begining does, it is a hello and a goodbye, establishing the complete end.

2. (What is the significance of the words of the b-rhyme to the poem?)

Fine is significant because it is establishing the feeling of things being all right and shows the quickness of life by small talk and quick conversations. Wine is significant to establish the hello thought of the second tercet.  Because of the alternating ideas in the tercets (hello and goodbye) the wine is a method of quick meetings and hello’s.  Nine is back to the idea of goodbye, the dinner ending and everyone leaving at that time. Line  is once again a hello by a begining statement or sentance, or even with following the words to the next sentence as a continuation of a conversation.  Pine is goodbye because it discusses the snow falling on top of the tree, this is the end of spring and summer, the end of green or the feelings of joy and happiness that come along with warm weather and beginings.  Finally, sign is neither a begining nor an end by themselves, but it is both, as the final quatrain establishes by having both “hello” and “goodbye” in it.  Sign is stated as stated as a knowledge, saying they hold each other and they know that what has begun must end, in other words, they know that the relationship must end.

3.  (What variations in meaning are present in the groups of repitition?)

The first hello is a means of small talk, of introduction conversation.  The second hello establishes the begining of the relationship, a small lunch out together.  The third hello is the knowledge of how things always start, it’s the point in the relationship when things start to dull down, the newness is gone and now a hello is merely that.  The last hello is the knowledge of the begining of the end, how things always go, hello then goodbye is the only way.  The first goodbye is the the end of the first meeting, an excitement is still there, the end of a quick conversation. The second goodbye is the end of dinner, the middle of the relationship, the slowdown point.The second goodbye is the end of the dinner, a slow down of the relationship. The third goodbye is also the slowdown, but in a more serious matter, an understanding. The final goodbye is the ultimate understanding, the knowledge that the relationship must end. The everystory in it’s first mention means that it’s known that goodbye must always come with hello. The second time this is mentioned reiterates this point, that goodbye is the ultimate end- that is known. The third knowledge is once again the end, the knowledge of the way relationships must slow. The final know is saying she knew or she should have known that all must end.